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Memory as a political phenomenon. Reflections on the public debate about The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime
Rybář, Pavel ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims to set a basic framework for "memories of communism" which come along with attempts on political construction of the past during post-1989 regime. Based on the example of public debate about "The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime and on Resistance Against It", we will attempt to reveal main resources of anti-communist rhetoric and symbols, and to clarify the role they played in forging political identities in the first half of the 1990s. While the introductory chapter explores concepts which allow us to conceptualize memory in the analysis of the political, other chapters are devoted to various interpretations of the past in the context of discussions of de- communization measures that belong to the category of "coming to terms with the past" (Lustration Act, The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime). Does Czech anti-communism result from those measures adopted between 1991 and 1993, or does their adoption seek to reduce the plurality of politics of memory? Are attempts to label the previous regime as criminal the exclusive form of anti-communism, or does anti-communism amount to a combination of moral, legal and political arguments that seek to criminalize the previous social and legal order? By analysing different types of utterances we will attempt to...
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Hollywood Blacklist: Strategies Employed by the Individuals Interrogated by the House Committee on Un-American Activities
Štádler, Petr ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Klí ová slova Antikomunismus, Výbor pro neamerickou innost, výslechy, Hollywood, spolupracující sv dci, nespolupracující sv dci Keywords Anti-Communism, House Committee on Un-American Activities, interrogations, Hollywood, cooperative witnesses, uncooperative witnesses Rozsah práce 108 349 znak
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Influence of Historical Experience on Current Political Decisions: Difference in Czech and Slovak Attitudes to Recognizing Jerusalem as the Capital of Israel.
Tělupil, Vojtěch ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
TĚLUPIL, Vojtěch. Vliv historické zkušenosti na současná politická rozhodnutí: rozdíl v českých a slovenských postojích k uznání Jeruzaléma jako hlavního města Izraele. Praha, 2022. 50 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.). Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut mezinárodních studií. Katedra německých a rakouských studií. Vedoucí diplomové práce doc. Mgr. Tomáš Weiss, M.A., Ph.D. Abstract The question of the different attitudes towards Jerusalem and the historical relationship with Israel between the Czech Republic and Slovakia seems to be primarily a question of stabilization and destabilization of power (and differently applied ideological control) of communist Czechoslovakia of 1948-1989, with the radical break with in 1989, resp. after its division in 1992 into two successor states. The main goal of this thesis was to compare these attitudes using methods and approaches of historical institutionalism. The way in which the institutional environment for foreign policy-making was set up at the beginning of the 1990s in the form of a commitment to continuity with Czechoslovak foreign policy after 1992. Natural non-institutional factors such as the specific role of the presidency or the stability of the executive environment in the successor states naturally played another role, but from the point of view...
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Parakratos in Post-Civil War Greece: Reality and Interpretation
Karasová, Nikola ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; van Steen, Gonda (referee) ; Brunnbauer, Ulf (referee)
Based on a historiographical, archival and media analysis, this doctoral thesis explores the phenomenon of parakratos (translated as deep state or parastate) in post-civil war Greece (1949-1967). Research perspectives are fourfold: Firstly, parakratos is discussed in the context of academic debates on parapolitics and the concepts of the dual state, the security state and the deep state; and presented as a Cold War parallel power mechanism, analogical to Italy and Turkey. Secondly, parakratos is analysed as part of domestic political reality through the prism of the historical events documented in Greek historiography. In this sense, the thesis concentrates on the emergence and operation of clandestine military groups and parastate ultra- nationalist organisations against the backdrop of the Greek political, legal and social environment. Both phenomena are elaborated on through the lens of the inefficient Greek political and administrative system, a deeply divided society, the politicisation of the public space, and the persistence of clientelist networks constructed upon political loyalties. Third, the parakratos is examined on an interpretative level as a term and concept employed in Greek historiography. Focusing on its presumed roots, actors, purposes and relations with the state, three...
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"Generation Y": Ideology and life attitudes of the first generation born after 1989
Foitová, Markéta ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with some aspects of the life of the Czech generation Y, the first generation growing up in a free period after the Velvet Revolution of 1989. The thesis focuses on university students. The introduction focuses on defining the concept of generation in the Czech environment as well as in the world, as well as the issue of generations and discussions on the subject both at the media and at the professional level. The research section is based on interviews with twelve members of this generation. The interviews are oriented on the specifics that distinguish the Czech generation Y from the young people in other parts of the world, especially history of the Czechoslovakia between years 1948 and 1989. The interviews drew on their opinion and outlook on the development of the republic before 1989 by opting for family, education, peers, and other factors that could influence them. The conversations also focused on the current attitude towards politics, ideologies and values. Narrators also looked for generational specifics and characteristics related to generational determination, such as technology, social networks, anti-communism... Key words Husák's Children, Velvet Revolution, communism, anti-communism, ideology, technology, social media, theory of generations, freedom
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Memory as a political phenomenon. Reflections on the public debate about The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime
Rybář, Pavel ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims to set a basic framework for "memories of communism" which come along with attempts on political construction of the past during post-1989 regime. Based on the example of public debate about "The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime and on Resistance Against It", we will attempt to reveal main resources of anti-communist rhetoric and symbols, and to clarify the role they played in forging political identities in the first half of the 1990s. While the introductory chapter explores concepts which allow us to conceptualize memory in the analysis of the political, other chapters are devoted to various interpretations of the past in the context of discussions of de- communization measures that belong to the category of "coming to terms with the past" (Lustration Act, The Act on the Lawlessness of the Communist Regime). Does Czech anti-communism result from those measures adopted between 1991 and 1993, or does their adoption seek to reduce the plurality of politics of memory? Are attempts to label the previous regime as criminal the exclusive form of anti-communism, or does anti-communism amount to a combination of moral, legal and political arguments that seek to criminalize the previous social and legal order? By analysing different types of utterances we will attempt to...
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On the Black List: Hollywood Reds and Witch Hunting in the American Motion Picture Industry (1947-1960)
Srch, Daniel ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee) ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (referee)
On the Blacklist: Hollywood Reds and Witch Hunting in the American Motion Picture Industry (1947-1960) Abstract At the beginning of the Cold War, the American motion picture industry was struck with a "witch-hunt" that led to establishment of the so-called blacklist. Due to this controversial policy, three hundred "Reds" (actual or perceived members of the U.S. Communist Party) were shut out from work in Hollywood during 1947-1950. The first explanation of this phenomenon can be seen in the bipolarity of the post-war world where the United States took leadership in a crusade against the Soviet Union. One result of this seemingly international crusade was that it also became domestic-followers of the U.S. Communist Party became actual public enemies. A deeper analysis of whole issue, however, requires that other elements must be seriously taken into account. The microcosm of Hollywood, some principles of American thinking and the activities of the Reds themselves provide crucial insights into comprehensively understanding the complexity of blacklisting. Experience with the Hollywood blacklist included many different aspects. First of all, it was a political battle with the "inquisitors" from the House Committee on Un-American Activities who helped establish the anti-Communist policy in American motion...
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Report on State of the Anti-communism: Red Scare Movies Between Actual World and Fictional World
Mišúr, Martin ; Hanáková, Petra (advisor) ; Klimeš, Ivan (referee)
The main objective of this bachelor's thesis is to focus on Red Scare movies, which are cultural relics of McCarthyism in the United States. So-called "anti-communist cycle" consists of approximately forty feature movies, only at first sight creating a remarkably compact unit. The intention of this thesis is to select from the anti-communist cycle a sample of twelve movies, which in my opinion most accurately follow the contemporary rhetoric of radical anti-communism in American society, attempt to embrace the idea of omnipresent threat and necessary interventions by anti-communist organizations. Methodologically, the thesis arises from the new film history and relies on the theory of fictional worlds, because it provides a suitable tool for describing links between fiction and its reference to what we experience in the real world. The first chapter deals with the history and film industry context - genesis of the Cold War, ideological background of communism and anti-communism in the United States and manifestation of contemporary pressures in the film industry. The beginning of the second chapter will serve as a contextual framework for the main topic of the thesis: Hollywood anti-communist movies. What follows is an analytical part consisting of three complex subchapters always concluded by...
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Hollywood Blacklist: Strategies Employed by the Individuals Interrogated by the House Committee on Un-American Activities
Štádler, Petr ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Klí ová slova Antikomunismus, Výbor pro neamerickou innost, výslechy, Hollywood, spolupracující sv dci, nespolupracující sv dci Keywords Anti-Communism, House Committee on Un-American Activities, interrogations, Hollywood, cooperative witnesses, uncooperative witnesses Rozsah práce 108 349 znak
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Political thought of the national socialist line of the czech far right and the means the national socialists use to address the public
Šůsová, Veronika ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
The Thesis analyses political thought of the contemporary czech national socialism and the methods the subjects considered to be part of this movement use to address cizizens. Among these subjects are the Worker's Party (of Social Justice), National Defiance and Autonomous nationalists. In the first chapter, the Thesis clarifies the specific background of the czech national socialism focusing on facts, figures and the latest development. Second and crucial chapter characterizes political thought of the czech national socialism. The last part of the Thesis focuses on the topics the before mentioned subjects use to address wide public, on their image, their rhetoric and the means of propaganda they turn to.
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